Bonjour,
En suivant cette présentation du Professor Robbert Dijkgraaf "The End of Space and Time ?" il est mentionné une anecdote entre John Wheeler et Richard Feynman : There is only one electron in the universe!
Je pensais qu'ils parlaient de la classe "particule" tel que l’électron et de la propriété d’indiscernabilité, mais cela ne semble pas être le cas ils parlent bien de l'instance, l'objet "électron".So, if you learn about elementary particles or molecules, you are told what the property, for instance, of an electron is. So how come that every electron has exactly the same properties? If there is a machine making this, a sort of factory, then actually it is a perfect factory - it makes these individual particles exactly the same.
Now, there is a good answer to this, and this answer was actually given by John Wheeler in a telephone conversation to his then graduate student, Richard Feynman, and Feynman describes this in his Nobel lecture. Feynman would win the Nobel Prize because of this idea. Wheeler calls him up in the middle of the night and asks him this question, “I know the answer, because there is only one electron in whole the universe.” Now, I always feel that if your thesis advisor is calling you in the middle of the night, you have to be wondering what he is drinking, but actually, this is typically Wheeler. This is a crazy idea that is crazy enough to be true.
Wheeler was saying suppose this particle not could only go up in time, like we are now doing, but could also go back in time. If I could go back in time, I could re-enter this room, stand next to myself, and would be an exact copy of myself, exact really to the last digit, and I could do it another time. So Wheeler was saying suppose this particle could go up and down in space and time and basically make a big knot, what would it signify?
Well, if you think of this as a stack of pictures, on the bottom, you would have a single particle, but in the middle, you would have many, many particles going up and going down, which have exactly the same property because basically it is the same particle. So I think it is a very clever idea.
Feynman immediately said, “Well, then you would have as many particles as anti-particles,”
But now these pictures are known as Feynman Diagrams, so Feynman really took full advantage of this so-called space-time picture of particles, which is how he described it.
Patrick
-----