j'ai trouvé un texte qui va tout a fait dans ce sens
http://cosmologist.info/teaching/EU/notes_eu1.pdf
on y lit ceci
At any time, the Universe will contain a blackbody distribution of photons with some temperature
Tγ . If a species interacts (directly or indirectly) with the photons with a rate ΓAγ high enough
(ΓAγ >>H), then these particles will have the same temperature as the photons: TA = Tγ . Any
set of particles species which are interacting among themselves at a high enough rate will share the
same temperature. But in general this may not be the case and the Universe could be populated by
different species each with its own temperature (uninteracting species behave like independent thermal
systems). As a rule of thumb, a species A will maintain an equilibrium distribution when there are
many photon interactions in the time it takes the universe to expand significantly, i.e.
ΓA >> H,
and it will decouple from the thermal bath when the interaction rate drops below the rate of expansion eate H
je conseille le passage sur les multiplicateurs de Lagrange en rapport avec la température.
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