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the biologically pretreated landfill leachate was supplied from a storage tank with a maximum volume of 2.24 m3 and the concentrate was not removed from
the process. The applied pressure was 30 bar and the cross flow velocities were between 0.1 and 0.7 m/s.
The pilot plant was equipped with the DTF module Pall Rochem, Germany, which consists of stacks of membrane cushions and feed spacers (see Fig. 2). The channels between membrane and feed spacer are about 1 mm in height and thus the module can be operated with suspended particles.
As adsorbent either lignite coke dust (LCD) or powdered activated carbon (PAC) was used. The applied powders were similar in particle size distribution but different in specific inner surface (LCD 3.50 m*/g, PAC 1000 m2/g) and price (LCD 300 e /t, PAC 1.500 e /t). For experiments concerning the investigation of the fouling layer the adsorbent was made inert prior to the test, i.e. it was charged in landfill leachate of the required concentration.
For the control of the fouling layer a flushing procedure consisting of different combinations of feed flushing without transmembrane pressure, air flushing and back flushing by permeate side pressure were applied.
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