Bonsoir,
En lisant le programme des auditions pour les projets spatiaux qui pourraient être financés pendant le 8e programme cadre de l'Union Européenne pour la recherche et le développement technologique (2013-2020), je suis tombé sur ceci :
FP8 Space Hearing : written contributions
En première page de ce condensé de propositions, je n'ai pu m'empêcher de remarquer la candidature d'Areva. Elle propose le développement d'un réacteur nucléaire spatial !
Il est vrai que la Russie a une solide réputation dans le domaine du nucléaire, mais la France aussi. Me trompe-je ?Org. : AREVA
Aut. : Jean-Pierre Roux
Title : Space nuclear reactors: a necessary breakthrough for space exploration (as it has been for submarines) in term of propulsion and surface power generation.
Short description of specific research to address the challenges
Space Nuclear Power Systems are unanimously recognized to be compulsory for solar system exploration, at least for deep space missions or planet surface exploration. The first step in SNPS is the radioisotopic generator, so called RTGs, currently under development in the frame of ESA’s programmes.The necessary step beyond is nuclear reactors for large scale Mars missions and beyond, delivering higher power from 10s of kW up to megawatts of electrical power. Reactors are well known on Earth for electricity generation on ground and on/under the seas for propulsion. In space, the lack of atmosphere or water for cooling leads to implement very large radiators. To limit the radiating area requires high temperature fast reactors and coupling with highly efficient thermo-electric conversion system. So space reactors are a great technological challenge:
- in nuclear technologies, where high temperature fuels are required, as well efficient primary cooling,
- in conversion technologies, where efficient thermodynamic cycle is sought, as well as electrical generation,
- at system level, where the mass, volume, reliability of the system are critical as for all space systems,
- at safety level, considering the operational phases at ground and the mastering of nominal and failure phases from launch up to end of the mission.
Currently, studies are carried out at national level to identify the best solutions to afford to these reactors. Then a technological road-map will be drawn up and FP8 will be an opportunity to progress on these technologies. The topics that need to be addressed are notably those herabove mentioned to be completed by:
- system preliminary design, sizing and modelling,
- experimental assessment of the structure materials, fuel, reactivity control, heat transportation loop, conversion loop, radiator and radiological protection, and all other qualification activities necessary before aiming a ground prototype.
Cordialement
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